Ardmore, Oklahoma
| Ardmore, Oklahoma, USA | |||
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| — City — | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Oklahoma | ||
| County | Carter | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | John Moore | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 50.0 sq mi (129.5 km2) | ||
| - Land | 49.1 sq mi (127.2 km2) | ||
| - Water | 0.9 sq mi (2.3 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 873 ft (266 m) | ||
| Population (2000) | |||
| - Total | 23,711 (city proper) | ||
| - Density | 482.8/sq mi (186.4/km2) | ||
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-6) | ||
| ZIP codes | 73401-73403 | ||
| Area code(s) | 580 | ||
| FIPS code | 40-02600[1] | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1089691[2] | ||
| Website | http://www.ardmorecity.org/ | ||
Ardmore is a business, cultural and tourism city in and the county seat of Carter County, Oklahoma, United States.[3] As of the 2007 census estimates, the city had a population of 24,625[4], while a 2007 estimate has the Ardmore micropolitan statistical area totaling 56,694[5] residents. Ardmore is located 90 miles (140 km) equidistant from Oklahoma City and Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas at the junction of Interstate 35 and U.S. Highway 70, and is generally considered the hub of the ten-county region in South Central Oklahoma, also known by state tourism pamphlets as Arbuckle Country and Lake and Trail Country. Geologically, Ardmore is situated about 16 kilometers south of the Arbuckle Mountains, and is located at the eastern margin of the Healdton Basin, one of the most oil-rich regions of the United States.
Ardmore was named after the affluent Philadelphia suburb and historic Pennsylvania Main Line stop Ardmore, Pennsylvania, which was named after Ardmore, Ireland by the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1873. The name Ardmore is Gaelic signifying high grounds or hills.
On April 22, 1966 Ardmore was the site of the worst plane crash in Oklahoma history, which killed 83 people.[6]
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History
Ardmore, Indian Territory began with a plowed ditch for a Main Street in the summer of 1887 in Pickens County, Chickasaw Nation. It owes much of its existence to the construction of the Santa Fe Railroad through the area during that time. It grew, as most frontier towns grew, over the years into a trading outpost for the region. A large fire in 1895 destroyed much of the fledgling town, which forced residents to rebuild nearly the entire town.[7] In the early 1900s, Ardmore became well known for its abundance of cotton-growing fields and eventually became known as the world's largest inland cotton port.
After the fields were stripped of their fertility, however, the city found itself positioned next to one of the largest oil fields ever produced in Oklahoma, the Healdton Oil Field. After its discovery in 1913, entrepreneurs and wildcatters flooded the area, and Carter County quickly became the largest oil-producing county in Oklahoma, and has remained so ever since[8]. Ardmore has remained an energy center for the region ever since, with the region's natural wealth giving birth to such energy giants as Halliburton and the Noble Energy companies, among others. Ardmore also learned the perils of being energy-rich with yet another disaster in 1915, when a railroad car containing casing gas exploded, killing 45 people and destroying much of downtown, including areas rebuilt after the 1895 fire.[9] The disaster, which made national news at the time, gave residents the resolve to establish the city's first fire department to ensure that such events would not recur in the future. The city has not experienced any major setbacks since the 1915 fire, save a 1995 tornado that nearly destroyed the Uniroyal Goodrich (now Michelin) Tire Plant in west Ardmore. Despite a shift at the plant working at the time, miraculously no one was killed as the tornado ripped through the area, due to the public being alerted by area news and tornado sirens.
On April 22, 1966 just outside of Ardmore was the site of the worst plane crash in Oklahoma history, when an aircraft of the American Flyers Airline crashed and killed 83 people. There is a memorial to the crash just outside of town.
Ardmore became nationally famous in 2003 when 52 Democratic members of the Texas House of Representatives, known as the Killer Ds, left Texas for Ardmore to deny the Republican-controlled House a quorum when Republicans attempted to pass a redistricting plan for U.S. Congressional Districts. Redistricting of Congressional seats is traditionally done following the decennial U.S. Census; the 2003 plan, which had been engineered by U.S. Representative Tom DeLay (R-Texas), would have been an unprecedented second redistricting in the same decade, and was promoted as a way to increase Republican electoral success. By leaving the state to stay in an Oklahoma hotel, Democrats temporarily delayed passage of the redistricting plan the Republican-controlled House. Republicans eventually succeeded at the re-redistricting, although in 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that new borders of the 23rd Congressional District, a long thin chain of counties from Austin, Texas to Mexico, dubbed the 'Fajita Strip', was in violation of the Voting Rights Act of 1963, since it divided up predominantly Hispanic areas into multiple districts, and a U.S. District Judge ordered new boundaries favorable to incumbent Democrats Ciro Rodriguez and Lloyd Doggett to be drawn.[10].
Geography
Ardmore is located at (34.181240, -97.129363).[11]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 50.0 square miles (129.5 km2), of which, 49.1 square miles (127.2 km2) of it is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2) of it (1.74%) is water.
Ardmore is located about 10 miles (16 km) south of the Arbuckle Mountains, an ancient, eroded range spanning some 100 km across southern Oklahoma. The geology is highly variegated within the area, with uplifted and folded ridges visible within the shoreline of some of the lakes surrounding Ardmore. The city of Ardmore has no intracity streams or rivers, but is part of the Washita and Red River watersheds, with two tributaries, Caddo and Hickory creeks, flanking the broad, low valley in which Ardmore is situated. Ardmore is also 5 km north of Lake Murray, an impoundment of the two arms of Anadarche Creek, which eventually flows into the western reaches of Lake Texoma.
Climate
| Climate data for Ardmore, Oklahoma | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 83 (28.3) |
87 (30.6) |
92 (33.3) |
96 (35.6) |
97 (36.1) |
105 (40.6) |
109 (42.8) |
110 (43.3) |
107 (41.7) |
98 (36.7) |
87 (30.6) |
92 (33.3) |
110 (43.3) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 53 (11.7) |
57 (13.9) |
63 (17.2) |
74 (23.3) |
81 (27.2) |
91 (32.8) |
94 (34.4) |
96 (35.6) |
89 (31.7) |
77 (25) |
64 (17.8) |
55 (12.8) |
75 (23.9) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 29 (-1.7) |
34 (1.1) |
38 (3.3) |
50 (10) |
59 (15) |
68 (20) |
72 (22.2) |
70 (21.1) |
63 (17.2) |
51 (10.6) |
37 (2.8) |
31 (-0.6) |
50 (10) |
| Record low °F (°C) | -4 (-20) |
0 (-17.8) |
6 (-14.4) |
26 (-3.3) |
37 (2.8) |
48 (8.9) |
58 (14.4) |
54 (12.2) |
43 (6.1) |
25 (-3.9) |
13 (-10.6) |
5 (-15) |
-4 (-20) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 1.8 (46) |
1.8 (46) |
2.4 (61) |
3.8 (97) |
5.8 (147) |
3.7 (94) |
3 (76) |
2.3 (58) |
3.5 (89) |
3.2 (81) |
1.5 (38) |
1.7 (43) |
34.3 (871) |
| Snowfall inches (cm) | 2.1 (5.3) |
1 (3) |
0.5 (1.3) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.3) |
0.9 (2.3) |
4.6 (11.7) |
| Source: Weatherbase.com [12] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 23,711 people, 9,646 households, and 6,308 families residing in the city. The population density was 482.7 people per square mile (186.4/km2). There were 10,926 housing units at an average density of 222.4/sq mi (85.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 73.02% White, 11.27% African American, 8.78% Native American, 0.99% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.55% from other races, and 4.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.70% of the population.
There were 9,646 households out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the city the population was spread out with 25.1% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 88.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $28,046, and the median income for a family was $37,758. Males had a median income of $28,685 versus $23,070 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,502. About 13.6% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.9% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Ardmore is the principal center of trade for a ten-county region in south central Oklahoma, with a retail pull factor of 1.7 - 1.9. Ardmore's major employers are Michelin North America, with 1,900 employees and Mercy Memorial Health Center, with 900 employees. Several hundred employees work for regional distribution centers for Best Buy, Dollar Tree (Marietta) and Dollar General Stores, among others. Until early 2009, Ardmore was also home to a large regional distribution center for the now-defunct retail electronics chain, Circuit City and was also home to a 1-800-flowers call center. In 2010 Ardmore lost another technology company IMTEC which was purchased by 3M and moved away to California. The 85,000 bbl/d (13,500 m3/d) Valero Refinery in northeast Ardmore employs some 250 area residents. Ardmore is also home to the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, among the nation's 50 largest private foundations, primarily engaged in agricultural bioresearch activities. Located just to the south of the city limits on the Oklahoma-Texas border is the massive WinStar World Casino which is speculated to be the fifth largest casino in the world bringing in a major revenue stream to the Chickasaw Nation.
Arts and culture
Being home to many pioneers in the dawn of the American oil industry, Ardmore has been blessed with riches far beyond most cities of its size, as well as the colorful past that often accompanies such 'instant' wealth. Such wealth has been channeled into many philanthropical endeavors, as well as reinvested into the area in various art and infrastructure endowments.
Such amenities include:
- Charles B. Goddard Center for the Visual and Performing Arts, sponsors various exhibits and productions brought into the region.
- Studio 107 Gallery & Art Studios, hosts regional and local exhibits
- Greater Southwest Historical Museum
- Ardmore Little Theatre
- Ardmore Convention Center, the newest convention facility in region.
- Ardmore Civic Auditorium a historic city building that hosts concerts and other local events.
- Hardy Murphy Coliseum, historic WPA-built facility that hosts rodeos, cutting shows and various regional events.
Ardmore has many civic organizations committed to its betterment. The Ardmore Masonic Lodge is one of the oldest civic organization in Ardmore.
Education
Colleges and universities
Ardmore is home to the Ardmore Higher Education Center (a consortium-model system of higher education) which offers courses and degrees to the local population from four participating institutions of higher education: Murray State College, Southeastern Oklahoma State University, East Central University and Oklahoma State University (from the Oklahoma City campus).
Primary and secondary schools
Ardmore City Schools [1] operates public schools in Ardmore.
Ardmore-Plainview Public Schools [2] operates public schools in Ardmore.
Dickson Public Schools [3] is within proximity, however, part of the incorporated town limits of Dickson, which operates this public school district adjacent to the city limits of Ardmore.
Ardmore-Oak Hall Episcopal School [4] one of only three Episcopal diocesan schools in the state of Oklahoma.
Lone Grove Public Schools [5] is 5 miles away, with it being in the city limits of Lone Grove, which consists of a population that works and shops in Ardmore.
CareerTech
Southern Oklahoma Technology Center, a career and technical education school for high school, college and adult continuing education in technology and career development, is run by the state of Oklahoma with taxpayer assistance. It also serves as a training facility for the TASO (Training Alliance Services of Oklahoma) in which businesses train their employees to help perform their jobs better with better training.
Media
Newspaper
- The Daily Ardmoreite, local newspaper since 1893.
Television
- KTEN - Channel 10 (NBC)
- KTEN - DT Channel 10-2 (The CW Texoma)
- KXII - Channel 12 (CBS)
- KXII - DT Channel 12-2 (My Texoma)
- KXII - DT Channel 12-3 (FOX Texoma)
- CableONE (Cable operator)
Radio
AM
- KVSO - 1240 on the radio dial
FM
- KLCU - 90.3 (Public/NPR - Cameron University, Lawton)
- KFXI] - 92.1 (Country)
KFXI (92.1 FM broadcasting) is a 100,000 watt radio station with a 600 foot tower, allowing it reach further than other stations in the Chickasha, Duncan and Lawton markets. KFXI Foxy92 radio broadcasts a Country music format and is known as "The Real Country Giant". Licensed to Marlow, Oklahoma, USA, with offices in Chickasha, Lawton, Duncan and Marlow, the station serves the Lawton, Duncan and Chickasha areas. The station is currently owned by DFWU, Inc. and features programing from Fox News Radio
Transportation
Highways
Interstate 35 is located within the city limits of Ardmore, as it traverses the United States from Duluth, Minnesota to Laredo, Texas.
Ardmore has four exits off I-35:
- Exit 29 (US-70 East)
- Exits 31A-B (State Highway 199 East/US-70 West, respectively)
- Exit 32 (12th St NW)
- Exit 33 (State Highway 142).
In addition to Interstate 35, Ardmore is also home to the junction of US-70 and US-77, SH-142, and SH-199. Ardmore is connected to Lake Murray via SH-77S.
Airports
Ardmore has two general aviation airports, Ardmore Downtown Executive Airport and Ardmore Industrial Airpark. The nearest scheduled air service occurs at Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City and Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, both 90 miles (140 km) from Ardmore. Ardmore is linked by rail with the DFW Airport via the Heartland Flyer to Trinity Railway Express connection.
Rail
Ardmore has one principal rail line[13], that being one of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe mainlines running from Fort Worth, Texas to Oklahoma City (also connecting with Kansas City and Chicago), formerly part of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe rail network before the merger with Burlington Northern. The line dates back to 1887, and the first train arrived on July 28 in that year[14]. The company has multiple parallel tracks (5+) running through central Ardmore (MP 450.5), added concomitantly with the rise of the trading status of the city and region throughout the early 1900s. There is also a lightly-used transverse rail spur from the BNSF line to the Michelin Tire Plant in west Ardmore, mainly intended for the transport of raw materials to the factory.
Mass transit
The historic Santa Fe depot in downtown Ardmore is also a stop on Amtrak's Heartland Flyer train route, with daily service to and from Oklahoma City and Fort Worth.
Ardmore also has a scheduled stop on the Greyhound/Jefferson Bus Lines system.
Southern Oklahoma Rural Transit System (SORTS) provides transit services for the public in Ardmore and the surrounding areas.
Historically speaking, Ardmore had a fairly extensive traction (streetcar/interurban) railway system, franchised in February 1905, that linked outlying areas, such as the Dornick Hills Country Club, to the central business district[14]. The main part of the streetcar line originally ran down the center lane of Main Street. Service ended in 1922.
Notable natives
- Samuel Lloyd Noble (1896–1950), oilman and philanthropist, founder of Noble Corporation [15]
- Rue McClanahan, Emmy award-winning actress best known for her role of Blanche Devereaux on The Golden Girls
- Mark Gastineau, former All-Pro NFL defensive star for the New York Jets, was born in Ardmore in 1956.[16].
- John Hinckley Jr., the man who shot former President Ronald Reagan in a failed assassination attempt in 1981, whose father worked for a local oil company.
- Rex Ryan, current NFL Head Coach for the New York Jets, was born in Ardmore in 1962; his twin brother is Rob Ryan, current NFL Defensive Coordinator for the Cleveland Browns.
- Eric Fields, (born June 14, 1982) an American professional boxer.
- The Biggest Loser: Contestants Cheryl and Daris George of the 9th season of the show are residents
of Ardmore.
- Jermaine Gresham current NFL tight end for the Cincinnati Bengals.(born 1988)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/usamap.cfm. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Oklahoma, Listed Alphabetically". http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2007-04-40.xls. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
- ↑ "Estimates of Population Change for Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Rankings: July 1, 2005 to July 1, 2006 (CBSA-EST2006-06)". http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2007/CBSA-EST2007-01.xls. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ↑ http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=04221966®=N183H&airline=American+Flyers+Airline
- ↑ Bamburg, Maxine. "Ardmore", Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture (accessed February 5, 2010).
- ↑ "2005 Oil & Gas Annual Report (charting oil production from 1975-2005), Oklahoma Corporation Commission (PDF)". http://www.occeweb.com/Divisions/OG/AnnualReports/2006%20Oil%20and%20Gas%20Report.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ↑ Burton, Laura M. "Ardmore Gas Explosion," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture (accessed February 5, 2010).
- ↑ "LEAGUE OF UNITED LATIN AMERICAN CITIZENS et al. v. PERRY, GOVERNOR OF TEXAS, et al". http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/05-204.ZS.html.
- ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2005-05-03. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ↑ "Historical Weather for Ardmore, Oklahoma, United States". http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=32337&refer=.
- ↑ "Rail Network Map, BNSF Texas Operating Region, 2005 (PDF)". http://www.bnsf.com/tools/reference/division_maps/div_tx.pdf. Retrieved 2007-07-05.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Events in the Early History of Ardmore, Oklahoma". http://www.oklahomahistory.net/ttphotos5a/CoeArdmoreHistory.doc. Retrieved 2007-07-05.
- ↑ "NOBLE, SAMUEL LLOYD (1896-1950)". http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/N/NO004.html. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ↑ "IMDB: Mark Gastineau". http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2473406/. Retrieved 2008-03-26.
External links
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